No you don’t, but it makes it MUCH easier and less expensive. Also, as we have the 10 year old the citizenship aspect gives her access to state healthcare and education (including free university), all things we’d have to pay for to some extent as temp residents. It’s not as if I haven’t looked into that. This thread is really supposed to be about those who may have moved to Oz in their 40’s, not a debate about Spanish residency.